AED = automated external defibrillator
ARDS = Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
ASD = autism spectrum disorder
BLS = basic life support
C = Celsius
CARES = Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival
COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019
CCF = chest compression fraction
CC-CPR = continuous-compression cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CDC = Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CPSS = Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale
CO-CPR = compression-only CPR
CAT = Combat Application Tourniquet
CoTCCC = Committee on Tactical Combat Casualty Care
CoSTR = Consensus on Science with Treatment Recommendations
COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019
CPR = cardiopulmonary resuscitation
CV = compression-to-ventilation
CV-CPR = compression-ventilation CPR
dL = deciliter
EAP = Emergency Action Plan
ECAT = eye-gaze contingent attentional training
EMS = emergency medical services
F = Fahrenheit
FAST = Face, Arm, Speech, Time (stroke assessment tool)
FASTER = Face, Arm, Speech, Time, Emergency Response = (stroke scale)
FDA = U.S. Food and Drug Administration
g = gram
ILCOR = International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation
IM = intramuscular
ImPACT = immediate post-concussion assessment and cognitive testing
IN = intranasal
kg = kilogram
KPSS = Kurashiki Prehospital Stroke Scale
LAPSS = Los Angeles Prehospital Stroke Scale
MASS = Melbourne Ambulance Stroke Scale
MedPACS = Medic Prehospital Assessment for Code Stroke
mg = milligram
mmHg = millimeters of mercury
NPO = novel potent opioid
OPSST = Ontario Prehospital Stroke Screening Tool
PAD = public access defibrillator
PCM = physical counterpressure maneuver
PECARN = Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network
PPE = personal protective equipment
psi = pounds per square inch
PVC = polyvinyl chloride
RB = rescue-breathing CPR
RCT = randomized controlled trial
RMT-T = Ratcheting Medical Tourniquet–Tactical
ROSC = return of spontaneous circulation
ROSIER = Recognition of Stroke in the Emergency Room
SAC = standard assessment of concussion
SARS = severe acute respiratory syndrome
SCAT = sport concussion assessment tool
SMA-XT = SAM Extremity Tourniquet
SOFTT-W = SOF Tactical Tourniquet–Wide
Tmax = median peak plasma exposure
TCCC = Tactical Combat Casualty Care
TMT = Tactical Mechanical Tourniquet
TBI = traumatic brain injury
TIA = transient ischemic attack
TX2 = TX2” tourniquet
TX3 = TX3’ tourniquet
VR = virtual reality
Abbreviations in Statistical Analyses
aOR = adjusted odds ratio
ARD = adjusted rate difference
CI = confidence interval
MD = mean difference
OR = odds ratio
P = probability
RR = relative risk
RD = risk difference